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mywiki:linux:linuxadmin

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Table of Contents

Linux Admin

Add User to groups

For example, add user jerry to groups ftp, www_data:

useradd -G ftp,www_data jerry

====== Shorthand at the Command Prompt ====== -

  1. - / - root directory
  2. -
  3. -
  4. - ./ - current directory
  5. -
  6. -
  7. - ./command_name - run a command in the current directory when the current directory is not on the path
  8. -
  9. -
  10. - ../ - parent directory
  11. -
  12. -
  13. - ~ - home directory
  14. -
  15. -
  16. - $ - typical prompt when logged in as ordinary user
  17. -
  18. -
  19. - # - typical prompt when logged in as root or superuser
  20. -
  21. -
  22. - ! - repeat specified command
  23. -
  24. -
  25. - !! - repeat previous command
  26. -
  27. -
  28. - ^^ - repeat previous command with substitution
  29. -
  30. -
  31. - & - run a program in background mode
  32. -
  33. -
  34. - [Tab][Tab] - prints a list of all available commands. This is just an example of autocomplete with no restriction on the first letter.
  35. -
  36. -
  37. - x[Tab][Tab] - prints a list of all available completions for a command, where the beginning is ``x''
  38. -
  39. -
  40. - [Alt][Ctrl][F1] - switch to the first virtual text console
  41. -
  42. -
  43. - [Alt][Ctrl][Fn] - switch to the nth virtual text console. Typically, there are six on a Linux PC system.
  44. -
  45. -
  46. - [Alt][Ctrl][F7] - switch to the first GUI console, if there is one running. If the graphical console freezes, one can switch to a nongraphical console, kill the process that is giving problems, and switch back to the graphical console using this shortcut.
  47. -
  48. -
  49. - [ArrowUp] - scroll through the command history (in bash)
  50. -
  51. -
  52. - [Shift][PageUp] - scroll terminal output up. This also works at the login prompt, so you can scroll through your boot messages.
  53. -
  54. -
  55. - [Shift][PageDown] - scroll terminal output down
  56. -
  57. -
  58. - [Ctrl][Alt][+] - switch to next X server resolution (if the server is set up for more than one resolution)
  59. -
  60. -
  61. - [Ctrl][Alt][-] - change to previous X server resolution
  62. -
  63. -
  64. - [Ctrl][Alt][BkSpc] - kill the current X server. Used when normal exit is not possible.
  65. -
  66. -
  67. - [Ctrl][Alt][Del] - shut down the system and reboot
  68. -
  69. -
  70. - [Ctrl]c - kill the current process
  71. -
  72. -
  73. - [Ctrl]d - logout from the current terminal
  74. -
  75. -
  76. - [Ctrl]s - stop transfer to current terminal
  77. -
  78. -
  79. - [Ctrl]q - resume transfer to current terminal. This should be tried if the terminal stops responding.
  80. -
  81. -
  82. - [Ctrl]z - send current process to the background
  83. -
  84. -
  85. - reset - restore a terminal to its default settings
  86. -
  87. -
  88. - [Leftmousebutton] - Hold down left mouse button and drag to highlight text. Releasing the button copies the region to the text buffer under X and (if gpm is installed) in console mode.
  89. -
  90. -
  91. - [Middlemousebutton] - Copies text from the text buffer and inserts it at the cursor location. With a two-button mouse, click on both buttons simultaneously. It is necessary for three-button emulation to be enabled, either under gpm or in XF86Config.
  92. - - Ordered List Item
mywiki/linux/linuxadmin.1422839160.txt.gz · Last modified: (external edit)