mywiki:linux:linuxadmin
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Table of Contents
Linux Admin
Add User to groups
For example, add user jerry to groups ftp, www_data:
useradd -G ftp,www_data jerry
====== Shorthand at the Command Prompt ====== -
- - / - root directory
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- - ./ - current directory
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- - ./command_name - run a command in the current directory when the current directory is not on the path
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- - ../ - parent directory
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- - ~ - home directory
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- - $ - typical prompt when logged in as ordinary user
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- - # - typical prompt when logged in as root or superuser
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- - ! - repeat specified command
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- - !! - repeat previous command
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- - ^^ - repeat previous command with substitution
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- - & - run a program in background mode
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- - [Tab][Tab] - prints a list of all available commands. This is just an example of autocomplete with no restriction on the first letter.
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- - x[Tab][Tab] - prints a list of all available completions for a command, where the beginning is ``x''
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- - [Alt][Ctrl][F1] - switch to the first virtual text console
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- - [Alt][Ctrl][Fn] - switch to the nth virtual text console. Typically, there are six on a Linux PC system.
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- - [Alt][Ctrl][F7] - switch to the first GUI console, if there is one running. If the graphical console freezes, one can switch to a nongraphical console, kill the process that is giving problems, and switch back to the graphical console using this shortcut.
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- - [ArrowUp] - scroll through the command history (in bash)
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- - [Shift][PageUp] - scroll terminal output up. This also works at the login prompt, so you can scroll through your boot messages.
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- - [Shift][PageDown] - scroll terminal output down
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- - [Ctrl][Alt][+] - switch to next X server resolution (if the server is set up for more than one resolution)
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- - [Ctrl][Alt][-] - change to previous X server resolution
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- - [Ctrl][Alt][BkSpc] - kill the current X server. Used when normal exit is not possible.
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- - [Ctrl][Alt][Del] - shut down the system and reboot
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- - [Ctrl]c - kill the current process
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- - [Ctrl]d - logout from the current terminal
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- - [Ctrl]s - stop transfer to current terminal
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- - [Ctrl]q - resume transfer to current terminal. This should be tried if the terminal stops responding.
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- - [Ctrl]z - send current process to the background
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- - reset - restore a terminal to its default settings
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- - [Leftmousebutton] - Hold down left mouse button and drag to highlight text. Releasing the button copies the region to the text buffer under X and (if gpm is installed) in console mode.
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- - [Middlemousebutton] - Copies text from the text buffer and inserts it at the cursor location. With a two-button mouse, click on both buttons simultaneously. It is necessary for three-button emulation to be enabled, either under gpm or in XF86Config.
- - - Ordered List Item
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